% -*- mode: tex -*-
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%                                STANDARD                                      %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\setupfootnotes[way=bychapter,align={hz,hanging}]
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\setupcaptions[width=fit,align={hz,hanging},number=no]

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\setupbodyfontenvironment[default][em=italic]


\setupheads[%
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            style=\bfd,
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            after={\page[yes]}
          ]

% h3
\setuphead[chapter]
          [style=\bfc]

\setuphead[title]
          [style=\bfc]


% h4
\setuphead[section]
          [style=\bfb]

% h5
\setuphead[subsection]
          [style=\bfa]

% h6
\setuphead[subsubsection]
          [style=bold]


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% center

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% right

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% verse

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  [before={\blank[big]
      \setupnarrower[middle=2em]
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% same as above, but with no spacing around
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  [before={%
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% interaction
% we start the interaction only if it's not an imposed format.
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  maxheight=\textheight,
  factor=fit]

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\definemakeup[titlepage][pagestate=start,doublesided=no]

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%                                IMPOSER                                       %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\startusercode

function optimize_signature(pages,min,max)
   local minsignature = min or 40
   local maxsignature = max or 80
   local originalpages = pages

   -- here we want to be sure that the max and min are actual *4
   if (minsignature%4) ~= 0 then
      global.texio.write_nl('term and log', "The minsig you provided is not a multiple of 4, rounding up")
      minsignature = minsignature + (4 - (minsignature % 4))
   end
   if (maxsignature%4) ~= 0 then
      global.texio.write_nl('term and log', "The maxsig you provided is not a multiple of 4, rounding up")
      maxsignature = maxsignature + (4 - (maxsignature % 4))
   end
   global.assert((minsignature % 4) == 0, "I suppose something is wrong, not a n*4")
   global.assert((maxsignature % 4) == 0, "I suppose something is wrong, not a n*4")

   --set needed pages to and and signature to 0
   local neededpages, signature = 0,0

   -- this means that we have to work with n*4, if not, add them to
   -- needed pages 
   local modulo = pages % 4
   if modulo==0 then
      signature=pages
   else
      neededpages = 4 - modulo
   end

   -- add the needed pages to pages
   pages = pages + neededpages
   
   if ((minsignature == 0) or (maxsignature == 0)) then 
      signature = pages -- the whole text
   else
      -- give a try with the signature
      signature = find_signature(pages, maxsignature)
      
      -- if the pages, are more than the max signature, find the right one
      if pages>maxsignature then
	 while signature<minsignature do
	    pages = pages + 4
	    neededpages = 4 + neededpages
	    signature = find_signature(pages, maxsignature)
	    --         global.texio.write_nl('term and log', "Trying signature of " .. signature)
	 end
      end
      global.texio.write_nl('term and log', "Parameters:: maxsignature=" .. maxsignature ..
		   " minsignature=" .. minsignature)

   end
   global.texio.write_nl('term and log', "ImposerMessage:: Original pages: " .. originalpages .. "; " .. 
	 "Signature is " .. signature .. ", " ..
	 neededpages .. " pages are needed, " .. 
	 pages ..  " of output")
   -- let's do it
   tex.print("\\dorecurse{" .. neededpages .. "}{\\page[empty]}")

end

function find_signature(number, maxsignature)
   global.assert(number>3, "I can't find the signature for" .. number .. "pages")
   global.assert((number % 4) == 0, "I suppose something is wrong, not a n*4")
   local i = maxsignature
   while i>0 do
      -- global.texio.write_nl('term and log', "Trying " .. i  .. "for max of " .. maxsignature)
      if (number % i) == 0 then
	 return i
      end
      i = i - 4
   end
end

\stopusercode

\define[1]\fillthesignature{
  \usercode{optimize_signature(#1, 40, 80)}}


\define\alibraryflushpages{
  \page[yes] % reset the page
  \fillthesignature{\the\realpageno}
}


% various papers 
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\definepapersize[halfafour][width=148.5mm,height=210mm]
\definepapersize[quarterletter][width=4.25in,height=5.5in]
\definepapersize[halfafive][width=105mm,height=148mm]
\definepapersize[generic][width=210mm,height=279.4mm]

%% this is the default ``paper'' which should work with both letter and a4

\setuppapersize[generic][generic]
\setuplayout[%
  backspace=42mm,
  topspace=31mm,% 176 / 15
  height=195mm,%130mm,
  footer=9mm, %
  header=0pt, % no header
  width=126mm] % 10.5 x 11

\startmode[libertine]
  \usetypescript[libertine]
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\stopmode

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\startmode[modern]
  \setupbodyfont[modern,11pt]
\stopmode

\startmode[charis]
  \setupbodyfont[charis,11pt]
\stopmode        

\startmode[mini]
  \setuppapersize[S33][S33] % 176 × 176 mm
  \setuplayout[%
    backspace=20pt,
    topspace=15pt,% 176 / 15
    height=280pt,%130mm,
    footer=20pt, %
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=260pt] % 10.5 x 11
\stopmode

% for the plain A4 and letter, we use the classic LaTeX dimensions
% from the article class
\startmode[a4]
  \setuppapersize[A4][A4]
  \setuplayout[%
    backspace=42mm,
    topspace=45mm,
    height=218mm,
    footer=10mm,
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=126mm]
\stopmode

\startmode[letter]
  \setuppapersize[letter][letter]
  \setuplayout[%
    backspace=44mm,
    topspace=46mm,
    height=199mm,
    footer=10mm,
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=126mm]
\stopmode


% A4 imposed (A5), with no bc

\startmode[a4imposed]
% DIV=15 148 × 210: these are meant not to have binding correction,
  % but just to play safe, let's say 1mm => 147x210
  \setuppapersize[halfafour][halfafour]
  \setuplayout[%
    backspace=10.8mm, % 146/15 = 9.8 + 1
    topspace=14mm, % 210/15 =  14
    height=182mm, % 14 x 12 + 14 of the footer
    footer=14mm, %
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=117.6mm] % 9.8 x 12
\stopmode

% A4 imposed (A5), with bc
\startmode[a4imposedbc]
  \setuppapersize[halfafour][halfafour]
  \setuplayout[% 14 mm was a bit too near to the spine, using the glue binding
    backspace=17.3mm,  % 140/15 + 8 =
    topspace=14mm, % 210/15 =  14
    height=182mm, % 14 x 12 + 14 of the footer
    footer=14mm, %
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=112mm] % 9.333 x 12
\stopmode


\startmode[letterimposedbc] % 139.7mm x 215.9 mm
  \setuppapersize[halfletter][halfletter]
  % DIV=15 8mm binding corr, => 132 x 216
  \setuplayout[%
    backspace=16.8mm, % 8.8 + 8
    topspace=14.4mm, % 216/15 =  14.4
    height=187.2mm, % 15.4 x 11 + 15 of the footer
    footer=14.4mm, %
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=105.6mm] % 8.8 x 12
\stopmode

\startmode[letterimposed] % 139.7mm x 215.9 mm
  \setuppapersize[halfletter][halfletter]
  % DIV=15, 1mm binding correction. => 138.7x215.9
  \setuplayout[%
    backspace=10.3mm, % 9.24 + 1
    topspace=14.4mm, % 216/15 =  14.4
    height=187.2mm, % 15.4 x 11 + 15 of the footer
    footer=14.4mm, %
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=111mm] % 9.24 x 12
\stopmode

%%% new formats for mini books
%%% \definepapersize[halfafive][width=105mm,height=148mm]

\startmode[a5imposed]
% DIV=12 105x148 : these are meant not to have binding correction,
  % but just to play safe, let's say 1mm => 104x148
  \setuppapersize[halfafive][halfafive]
  \setuplayout[%
    backspace=9.6mm,
    topspace=12.3mm,
    height=123.5mm, % 14 x 12 + 14 of the footer
    footer=12.3mm, %
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=78.8mm] % 9.8 x 12
\stopmode

% A5 imposed (A6), with bc
\startmode[a5imposedbc]
% DIV=12 105x148 : with binding correction,
  % let's say 8mm => 96x148
  \setuppapersize[halfafive][halfafive]
  \setuplayout[%
    backspace=16mm,
    topspace=12.3mm,
    height=123.5mm, % 14 x 12 + 14 of the footer
    footer=12.3mm, %
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=72mm] % 9.8 x 12
\stopmode

%%% \definepapersize[quarterletter][width=4.25in,height=5.5in]

% DIV=12 width=4.25in (108mm),height=5.5in (140mm) 
\startmode[halfletterimposed] % 107x140
  \setuppapersize[quarterletter][quarterletter]
  \setuplayout[%
    backspace=10mm,
    topspace=11.6mm,
    height=116mm,
    footer=11.6mm,
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=80mm] % 9.24 x 12
\stopmode

\startmode[halfletterimposedbc]
  \setuppapersize[quarterletter][quarterletter]
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    backspace=15.4mm,
    topspace=11.6mm,
    height=116mm,
    footer=11.6mm,
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=76mm] % 9.24 x 12
\stopmode

\startmode[quickimpose]
  \setuppapersize[A5][A4,landscape]
  \setuparranging[2UP]
  \setuppagenumbering[alternative=doublesided]
  \setuplayout[% 14 mm was a bit too near to the spine, using the glue binding
    backspace=17.3mm,  % 140/15 + 8 =
    topspace=14mm, % 210/15 =  14
    height=182mm, % 14 x 12 + 14 of the footer
    footer=14mm, %
    header=0pt, % no header
    width=112mm] % 9.333 x 12
\stopmode

\startmode[tenpt]
  \setupbodyfont[10pt]
\stopmode

\startmode[twelvept]
  \setupbodyfont[12pt]
\stopmode

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%                            DOCUMENT BEGINS                                   %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


\mainlanguage[en]


\starttext

\starttitlepagemakeup
  \startalignment[middle,nothanging,nothyphenated,stretch]


  \switchtobodyfont[18pt] % author
  {\bf \em

Anonymous  \par}
  \blank[2*big]
  \switchtobodyfont[24pt] % title
  {\bf

The Affinity Group

\par}
  \blank[big]
  \switchtobodyfont[20pt] % subtitle
  {\bf 

\par}
  \vfill
  \stopalignment
  \startalignment[middle,bottom,nothyphenated,stretch,nothanging]
  \switchtobodyfont[global]

2001

  \stopalignment
\stoptitlepagemakeup



\page[yes,right]

Contrary to what is often believed, affinity between comrades does not depend on sympathy or sentiment. To have affinity means to have knowledge of the other, to know how they think on social issues, and how they think they can intervene in the social clash. This deepening of knowledge between comrades is an aspect that is often neglected, impeding effective action.


One of the most difficult problems anarchists have had to face throughout their history is what form of organisation to adopt in the struggle.



\startblockquote
{\em At the two ends of the spectrum we find on the one hand the individualists who refuse any kind of stable relationship; on the other those who support a permanent organisation which acts on a programme established at the moment of its constitution.}



\stopblockquote
Both of the forms sketched out here have characteristics that are criticizable from an insurrectional point of view.


In fact, when individualists single out and strike the class enemy they are sometimes far ahead of the most combative of the class components of the time, and their action is not understood. On the contrary, those who support the need for a permanent organisation often wait until there is already a considerable number of exploited indicating how and when to strike the class enemy. The former carry out actions that turn out to be too far ahead of the level of the struggle, the latter too far behind.


One of the reasons for this deficiency is in our opinion lack of perspective.


Clearly no one has a sure recipe that contains no defects, we can however point out the limitations we see in certain kinds of organisation, and indicate possible alternatives.


One of these is known as “affinity groups”.


The term requires an explanation.



\startblockquote
{\em Affinity is often confused with sentiment. Although not distinctly separate, the two terms should not be considered synonymous. There could be comrades with whom we consider we have an affinity, but whom we do not find sympathetic and vice versa.}



\stopblockquote
Basically, to have an affinity with a comrade means to know them, to have deepened one’s knowledge of them. As that knowledge grows, the affinity can increase to the point of making an action together possible, but it can also diminish to the point of making it practically impossible.


Knowledge of another is an infinite process which can stop at any level according to the circumstances and objectives one wants to reach together. One could therefore have an affinity for doing some things and not others. It becomes obvious that when one speaks of knowledge that does not mean it is necessary to discuss one’s personal problems, although these can become important when they interfere with the process of deepening knowledge of one another.


In this sense having knowledge of the other does not necessarily mean having an intimate relationship. What it is necessary to know is how the comrade thinks concerning the social problems which the class struggle confronts him with, how he thinks he can intervene, what methods he thinks should be used in given situations, etc.



\startblockquote
{\em The first step in the deepening of knowledge between comrades is discussion.  It is preferable to have a clarifying premise, such as something written, so the various problems can be gone into well.}



\stopblockquote
Once the essentials are clarified the affinity group or groups are practically formed. The deepening of knowledge between comrades continues in relation to their action as a group and the latter’s encounter with reality as a whole.  While this process is taking place their knowledge often widens and strong bonds between comrades often emerge. This however is a consequence of the affinity, not its primal aim.


It often happens that comrades go about things the other way round, beginning some kind of activity and only proceeding to the necessary clarifications later, without ever having assessed the level of affinity required to do anything together. Things are left to chance, as though some kind of clarity were automatically to emerge from the group simply by its formation. Of course this does not happen: the group either stagnates because there is no clear road for it to take, or it follows the tendency of the comrade or comrades who have the clearest ideas as to what they want to do while others allow themselves to be pulled along, often with little enthusiasm or real engagement.



\startblockquote
{\em The affinity group on the other hand finds it has great potential and is immediately addressed towards action, basing itself not on the quantity of its adherents, but on the qualitative strength of a number of individuals working together in a projectuality that they develop together as they go along.}



\stopblockquote
From being a specific structure of the anarchist movement and the whole arc of activity that this presents — propaganda, direct action, perhaps producing a paper, working within an informal organisation — it can also look outwards to forming a base nucleus or some other mass structure and thus intervene more effectively in the social clash.









\page[yes]

%%%% backcover

\startmode[a4imposed,a4imposedbc,letterimposed,letterimposedbc,a5imposed,%
  a5imposedbc,halfletterimposed,halfletterimposedbc,quickimpose]
\alibraryflushpages
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{\tfa The Anarchist Library
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Anti-Copyright}
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% \framed[frame=off,location=middle,width=\textwidth]
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Anonymous



The Affinity Group






2001


\stopalignment
\blank[line]

\startalignment[hyphenated,middle]




Retrieved on July 19, 2009 from \goto{www.insurgentdesire.org.uk}[url(http://www.insurgentdesire.org.uk/affinitygroup.htm)]


\stopalignment

\stoptext


